THE RESUMPTION OF WHALING BY NORWAY A Paper By Bryan Togias Introducti

THE RESUMPTION OF WHALING BY NORWAY A paper by Bryan Togias Introduction The following paper is about the resumption of whaling by Norway with a focus on the American attitude towards whaling in general. Whaling is a very sensitive issue for many people, including myself. There are many people who feel that whales are highly intelligent mammals, akin to humanity in many ways. They cite the fact that whales mate for life, the size of the average whales brain, and the proof that whales communicate with one another ; all of these traits they share with us. The anti-whaling people feel that to kill whales for their meat or oil, would be like killing people for their meat or oil. The pro whaling people don't buy any of their reasoning. The pro whaling people feel that it is their right to use their resources any way that they want, and no one can tell them what to do. These people don't feel that whales are intelligent or that the s ize of their brains has any thing to do with it. The people of Norway don't see a problem with whaling because they were raised w ith it. The anti-whali An international study by Milton Freeman and Stephen Kellert, published in 1992, surveyed people in 6 major countries including Australia, Germany, Japan, Norway, The United Kingdom and The United States about their attitudes towards whales and whaling. 57% of the US respondents confirmed that they "opposed the hunting of whales under any circumstances" and 55% felt that "even regulated whaling must be abandoned" (Skare 1994). Although none of the respondent groups showed a high level of knowledge on the subject, all seemed to agree on the following points. 1. The protection of whale habitats from pollution and disturbance. 2. Maintaining an "ecosystem" perspective in whale management. 3. Basing harvest levels on the most sound scientific advice available. In Norway where whale hunting was once a big industry the proponents of whaling scoff at the prospect of a world without whaling. Norway claims that whaling in their country dates back more than ten thousand years (Skare 1994) and that history, they claim, gives them the right to exploit the resources that they have available to them; what they don't say is that those "resources" aren't really their own to exploit. Eric Doyle, a member of Greenpeace, an environmental watchdog group, explained to me (over the telephone) that the boundaries that countries draw up don't mean anything to whales or even to whaling boats in some instances. Doyle, explained that because Norway is one of the very few countries that have resumed whaling ,their boats aren't closely watched, and are often overlooked because there aren't many of them out there (Doyle 1995). Norwegians who are involved in whaling, hunt Minke whales in the northeast Atlantic, where the whale stock is estimated to consist of approximately eighty-six thousand seven hundred minke whales (Donovan 1994). In the late eighties Norway imposed a ban on itself that ended whaling, commercially, whaling for the purpose of scientific research, however continued with no end in sight. The History of The Regulated Whaling Industry... Whaling has always been a source of income and, whales an endless source of useful products. The meat for our diets, the oil to lubricate our cars and bicycles, the blubber to make shampoo, soap, and many other products too numerous to mention (Skare 1994). However with the invention of synthetic oils and the notion of healthy living on our minds; the average American has little interaction with whale products. This fact has constituted the main body of the anti-whaling argument, as if to say, if the Americans can live without whaling then everyone else can too. In nineteen-twenty six, the League of Nations created a subcommittee to oversee and regulate the growing whaling industry; but it was not until nineteen forty-six that a working regulatory committee was established. At the initiative of the United States, the International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling (ICRW) was adopted by the League of Nations. The ICRW called for such a working committee, and thus the International Whaling Commission (IWC) was created. ICRW was intended to safeguard and regulate

Intervention Approach To Promote Fatherhood In Schools Social Work Essay Essay Example

Intervention Approach To Promote Fatherhood In Schools Social Work Essay Essay Example Intervention Approach To Promote Fatherhood In Schools Social Work Essay Essay Intervention Approach To Promote Fatherhood In Schools Social Work Essay Essay An Intervention Approach to Promote Fatherhood in Schools: Geting the Generalist Intervention Model, the Mandala Ecosystem Health Model, Urie Bronfenbrenner Ecological Systems Theory and Egan Skilled Helper Model An Intervention Approach to Promote Fatherhood in Schools: Geting the Generalist Intervention Model, the Mandala Ecosystem Health Model, Urie Bronfenbrenner ecological systems theory and Egan Helper Model As portion of a university-based adviser, this intercession paper seeks to turn to its issue on forming a plan aimed at prosecuting fathers/ conveying fathers/ more males into the Catholic College to advance the importance of paternity by presenting relevant and effectual plans to profit the local community. The school was formed in 2008 and began as a School in a Shopping Centre . Currently, within the school, around 50 % of pupils live in single-parent places or with a step-parent. Additionally, around 25 % of pupils have a history of sing maltreatment within the household. The Mandala Health theoretical account, Urie Bronfenbrenner ecological systems theory, Egan skilled helper theoretical account and the GIM theoretical accounts are to help me in the planning and suggestion procedure of presenting an intercession that promotes Australian authorities s Stronger Families and Communities scheme announced in the 1999-2000 Federal budget. My intercession attack Since, the school wants to advance paternity, I as a adviser suggests that in order to increase male parents actively-involved with kid s life, the school could give out consent signifier informing activities such as athleticss twenty-four hours carnival, fun-fair, etc which male parents could take part in to advance or construct bonds with the kid alternatively of merely being the exclusive breadwinner of the family. Let them cognize that little small things could do a difference in a kid s turning up procedure. It is non merely holding stable fiscal income which makes the kid happy. In add-on, presenting tonss charts which motivate their kid to inform their male parents on approaching activities. Whoever male parents participated in the event would be awarded with nutrient verifiers.These verifiers can so be exchanged for free nutrient in the canteen. For tonss wise, we ll based on the top 5 % who has meet the demand and be awarded with item of grasp ; give acknowledgment to beget s attempt. What were the phases you went through in the planning procedure? Describe the activities undertaken. The Generalist Intervention Model is an intervention/practice theoretical account that includes all systems ( micro, macro and mezzo ) by supplying a systematic attack to set about the alteration procedure in turn toing the issue. The undermentioned aforementioned are the procedures: Battle. Establishing rapport relationships and effectual communicating by recognizing the client regardless of whether one is prosecuting micro, mezzo or macro alteration, the basicss of making so is to construct good resonance or a trusty relationship with clients and mark system to bring forth basic communicating. Battle is inclusive of verbal and non-verbal communicating and genuineness to prosecute clients the assisting procedure ( Hull and Kirst-Ashman, 2004 ) . Assessment. Designation of client by specifying whether it is single, household, group, organisation or community by placing one based on all facets mentioned above. Even though it sounded simple, to acknowledge who my client is, may go bleary and obscure, as I have to oppugn these undermentioned inquiries. Who is my client? Who are the 1s that needed my aid? Is it merely an person or the full household is my client alternatively ( Hull and Kirst-Ashman, 2004 ) . Assess the client-in-situation and place issues. Four major facets are considered such as micro, mezzo and macro degrees. Each facets must be defined and place strengths in the component of human diverseness. Micro facets. Researching the criticalness of the jobs, causing of the job, client strengths and and how to better to better one lives ( Hull and Kirst-Ashman, 2004 ) . Planing. Specifying the jobs and program which to prioritise. Execution. Transporting out the discussed programs to accomplish client end. Consistent monitoring and assessing of advancement during execution to guarantee client corsets on path. Sometimes, it might impact the program in footings of its state of affairs, conditions or issues. Evaluation. Practitioners must be accountable for their intercession by turn outing its effectivity. Evaluating of each end that has been achieved to find whether the instance should be terminated or reevaluate to make new ends. Termination and followup. Do non set up fond regard with the client upon expiration. As a expression goes learning one the techniques of angling instead than supplying one fishes every clip which denotes disengage with the individual upon the client being stabilized after this intercession ends ( Hull and Kirst-Ashman, 2004 ) . What theoretical accounts of be aftering did you follow for be aftering? Refer to relevant literature. The Generalist Intervention theoretical account proposed by Hull and Ashman ( 2004 ) which involves the eight stairss of planning: Work with the client Prioritize jobs Translate jobs into demands Evaluate degrees of intercession for each demand Establish ends Specify aims Specify action stairss Formalize a contract Work with the client. Working with the client by affecting the client with the job, definition of the job which the client perceived a job as the top precedence compared to other jobs faced. On the other manus, practicians have to take into history of the client s strengths during the planning procedure to forestall difference among one another. Prioritize jobs. Provide precedence for each jobs what others or practicians think is most important might non be important to the client for the job to rank as top precedence. For illustration, foremost, paternity ; prosecute more fathers/stepfathers in lovingness, fostering their kids. Second, school supplying high-quality instruction and installations for pupils. Translate jobs into demands. Initially, client suffered from the jobs. Hence, as practitioners/consultants, we got to supply solutions to help in problem-solving. Acerate leaf to state, this simple measure in be aftering AIDSs in reorganising our ideas on current state of affairs in order to make up ones mind on appropriate solutions. Evaluate degrees of intercession ( micro, mezzo, and macro ) . Stressing one client needs at a clip by get downing with those ranked as highest precedence. Discussion on alternate solutions with the client may concentrate on the micro, mezzo, or macro degree of transmutation. For illustration, affecting what can the single bash at the micro-level by supplying alternate methods aiming on behavioral direction. Establish ends. Charting out ends that are executable for client s with respects on how to continue with the intercession. For case, to construct a full-pledged school that benefits the local community. Specify aims. Goals specificity in placing what needs to be achieved, how do I travel about accomplishing the ends and run intoing my client demands? Therefore, saying expressed aims helps to supply specification in our aims. Specify action stairss. These stairss represent the lucidity of the ends and the completion of the ends by traveling towards accomplishing the aims. Action steps helps to supervise and reevaluate our client s actions. Noteworthy to observe that failure to finish of import action stairss leads to failure to achieve aims and client s ends. Formalize a contract with the client. Bring in a contract working understanding that is negotiable with the client and others involved in the procedure. A contract formalizes the understanding between client and practician and clear uping both outlooks. An array of points includes the fiscal fees, footings and conditions involved in the intercession. Purportedly, clients should be actively-involved with developing the conditions in the contract. Apprehensible footings must be used in the contract instead than proficient slangs which client does nt understand easy. Additionally, this contract differs from legal contracts in footings of its flexibleness to client s altering demands or conditions. Did you use ecosystemic rules in planning, and if so, what rules were used and how? The Mandala of Health: a wellness theoretical account of the human ecosystem As the Mandala Health theoretical account has been on-going in the early 1980s, it has gained world-wide credence in the medical and psychological association. This theoretical account conveys that the interaction of civilization with environment AIDSs one in understanding the human ecology. The outer degree of the Mandala high spots our populating planet embracing the civilization and the biosphere. Holistically, wellness of the single consists of spirit, organic structure and head dimensions. The system that is environing the person is the household and community facets while beside the organic structure and head, make-up of the sick-care system and work. In between the four sides of the circle, contains personal behavior, psycho-socio economic environment, human biological science and physical environment ( Hancock, 1993 ) . Ultimately, this theoretical account should be every bit seen as a multi-disciplinary usage, flexible and dynamic in which assorted component transform based on single demands ( Hancock, 1993 ) . Conversely, to solidify the theory s practical model, I would prefer Bronfenbrenner s Ecological Systems Theory as it defines as complex beds of environment, each holding an consequence on a individual s development. Recently, this theory has been renamed bioecological systems theory to stress that a individual s ain biological sensitivity is a primary environment fueling their development ( Santiago, 2004 ) . The interaction between factors in the individual s maturating biological science, their immediate household and community environment, and the social landscape fuels and tips their development. Changes or struggle in any one bed will ruffle throughout other beds. To understand male parent s demands in the passages, we must look non merely at the male parents but every bit good as the pupils and their immediate environment, but besides in all environment dimensions of interaction as good. Egan assisting theoretical account and the results Egan skilled helper theoretical account is reflected in my planning procedure and outcomes. It is non based on a peculiar theory of personality development, or on a theory of the ways troubles develop. It is a model for gestating the assisting procedure, and is best used in working on issues in the recent yesteryear and the present. As with any theoretical account, it provides a map, which can be used in researching and navigating, but which is non the district itself. The Egan theoretical account and mentoring are non synonymous ; the theoretical account can be used in many sorts of assisting relationships, and mentoring/co-mentoring can be done utilizing other theoretical accounts or merely entirely one. The theoretical account can and should be used flexibly. The theoretical account works best if attending is paid to Rogers core conditions , the assistants approach to the talker being based on genuineness, regard, and empathy, and if rules of good active hearing are remembered throughout. Three chief inquiries were posed to the talker on Egan theoretical account: What is traveling on? Using the school to the benefit of the local community Organized a plan aimed at prosecuting fathers/bringing fathers/more males into the school Maltreatment instances found in kids s household lives What do I desire alternatively? Include the staff without looking to make more work for them Increase the engagement of fathers/grandfathers/stepfathers within the school community How might I acquire to what I want? Ensure they do non burnout by holding a work-life balance in their lives for parents, instructors, and principal Provide pupil services and reding installations Strength and failings of the planning theoretical account Theoretically, this theory is various, good developed and highly utile. In contrast, interviewers and advisers have to be highly-competent to follow the Hull and Kirst-Ashman Generalist Intervention theoretical account ( GIM ) as it emphasize on client strengths instead on failings which possibly, the individual could be intellectually-disabled which might take to misjudging the individual s strengths. Hypothetically, get bying schemes, moderateness and mediation elements were non covered in the planning theoretical account which leads to burnout among organisation. In footings of cultural differences, different organisations have certain values or mission and protocol for persons to adhere. Advisers have to be highly-cultural competency to work efficaciously with clients of different racial backgrounds, ethnics and assorted civilizations when geting the planning theoretical account. Besides, advisers have to take note non to do automatic premises about diverse group in the societal environment. They must endeavor to develop self-awareness and appreciate human differences in an person in order non to be bias towards to their diagnosing when implementing the theoretical account to their client instance.

First half of the 20 century, visual arts, design and arcitecture Essay

First half of the 20 century, visual arts, design and arcitecture produce a better world - Essay Example These art forms that unite through employment of human creative impulse (Wikipedians, NP: 15). This means that art implies to a diverse range of disciplines than the perceived art, which according to modern terms, is usually referred to as visual arts. Most people confused art and visual arts while the fact is that art refers to visual arts, and that visual art is not among the disciplines of art but rather it is a common term of arts. Art is a global activity that comprises of a host of disciplines that include Liberal Arts, Fine Arts, Decorative Arts, Design, Crafts, Performing Arts, and many others (Wikipedians, NP:15). The other major field of the arts is the literary arts commonly referred to as literature. Literature includes poetry, short stories, novels and other numerous forms. The other literary art are the performing arts that comprise of dance, music, magic, film and theatre. This paper will outline how different form of arts in the middle of the 20th century and how thei r evolvement transformed the society and changed the world. During the 20th century, industrialization tremendously matured into global industrial capitalism, which eventually spurred the rise of consumer economics (Gardner et al, 2006:687). These developments brought forth great promises and significant problems to the society and the world in general. Change brought excitement and anxiety because people experienced the outcomes of change that were spurring in the society. Events like the Great Depression, World War I, the rise of totalitarianism, and World War II exaggerated this schizophrenic attitude. Artists were not exceptional in the evolution because many of them changed not only their personality but also their artistic perspectives. Some of these artists responded with energy and optimism while others responded with bleak despair. More so, the world’s evolution influenced artistic developments,